California's Mediterranean climate makes it an ideal location for growing fig trees, and a surprising variety thrives throughout the state. From backyard favorites to lesser-known cultivars, California boasts a diverse fig landscape. This guide explores the most popular and interesting types of fig trees found in the Golden State.
What are the Most Common Types of Fig Trees Grown in California?
Several fig varieties dominate California gardens and orchards. These are generally chosen for their hardiness, fruit production, and adaptability to the local environment. The most common include:
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Brown Turkey: A reliable and prolific producer, the Brown Turkey fig is known for its large, purplish-brown figs with a sweet flavor. It's a self-fertile variety, meaning it doesn't require pollination from another fig tree to produce fruit. This makes it a popular choice for beginners.
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Mission: One of the oldest fig varieties in California, the Mission fig boasts a rich history tied to the state's Spanish missions. These figs are typically smaller than Brown Turkeys, with a deep purple interior and a slightly less sweet taste. They're known for their slightly drier texture compared to other varieties.
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Black Mission: A close relative to the Mission fig, the Black Mission fig is often larger and darker, with a similarly rich, slightly less sweet flavor. It is also a prolific producer and another popular choice for home growers.
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Calimyrna: Also known as the Lob Injir, this variety requires pollination from a caprifig (a type of fig that produces inedible fruit but is necessary for pollination of some fig types). The Calimyrna fig is prized for its exceptionally large size and intensely sweet flavor. While it may require more care, the quality of the fruit makes it worthwhile for many Californian growers.
What are Some Less Common but Notable Fig Varieties in California?
Beyond the popular choices, many other fig varieties thrive in California's diverse microclimates. These include:
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Kadota: A large, light-green fig with a mild, sweet flavor, the Kadota is often used in dried fig products.
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Celeste: A small, sweet fig with a distinctive purplish-red color, the Celeste is a reliable producer even in less-than-ideal conditions. Its small size and intense flavor make it perfect for eating fresh.
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Chicago Hardy: True to its name, this variety is known for its exceptional cold hardiness, making it a good choice for areas of California experiencing colder winters.
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Texas Everbearing: This variety is known for its ability to produce two crops per year, making it a particularly abundant choice for California growers.
What are the best fig trees for beginners in California?
For those new to fig cultivation in California, the Brown Turkey and Mission varieties are excellent starting points. Their reliability, ease of care, and prolific fruiting make them ideal choices for novices. The Celeste is another good option, offering a balance between ease of care and delicious fruit. Avoid varieties that require caprifig pollination unless you're experienced and have access to such a tree.
How do I choose the right fig tree for my California garden?
Choosing the right fig tree depends on several factors:
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Climate: Consider your specific microclimate. Some varieties are better suited to warmer areas, while others tolerate cooler temperatures.
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Space: Fig trees can grow quite large, so consider the available space in your garden.
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Pollination: Be aware of the pollination requirements of different varieties. Self-fertile varieties are easier to grow.
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Personal Preference: Ultimately, the best fig tree for you will be one that produces fruit you enjoy eating!
What is the difference between a common fig and a caprifig?
Common figs (like the Brown Turkey, Mission, and others mentioned above) produce edible fruit without needing pollination from another tree. Caprifigs, on the other hand, produce inedible fruit but are essential for pollinating some fig varieties, like the Calimyrna. The caprifig harbors a specific wasp that facilitates pollination.
By understanding the various types of fig trees available and considering your specific needs and preferences, you can select the perfect fig tree to bring the sweet taste of California figs to your own backyard. Happy growing!
